Arthashastra
Progress:91.4%
कुष्ठ उन्मादयोश् चिकित्सकाः संनिकृष्टा पुमांसश् च प्रमाणं, क्लीब भावे स्त्रियो मूत्र फेनो अप्सु विष्ठा निमज्जनं च ॥
As to the reality of leprosy and lunacy, physicians or neighbours shall be authorities. As to the reality of impotency, women, the scum of urine, or the low specific gravity of faeces in water (the sinking of faeces in water) shall furnish the necessary evidence.
english translation
kuSTha unmAdayoz cikitsakAH saMnikRSTA pumAMsaz ca pramANaM, klIba bhAve striyo mUtra pheno apsu viSThA nimajjanaM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptप्रकृत्य् उपवादे ब्राह्मण क्षत्रिय वैश्य शूद्र अन्त अवसायिनाम् अपरेण पूर्वस्य त्रि पण उत्तरा दण्डाः, पूर्वेण अपरस्य द्वि पण अधराः, कुब्राह्मण आदिभिश् च कुत्सायाम् ॥
(Speaking ill of habits.) If among Bráhmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Súdras, and outcastes (antávasáyins), any one of a lower caste abuses the habits of one of a higher caste, the fines imposed shall increase from 3 panas upwards (commencing from the lowest caste). If any one of a higher caste abuses one of a lower caste, fines imposed shall decrease from 2 panas.
english translation
prakRty upavAde brAhmaNa kSatriya vaizya zUdra anta avasAyinAm apareNa pUrvasya tri paNa uttarA daNDAH, pUrveNa aparasya dvi paNa adharAH, kubrAhmaNa Adibhiz ca kutsAyAm ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतेन श्रुत उपवादो वाग् जीवनानां, कारु कुशीलवानां वृत्त्य् उपवादः, प्राज्जूणक गान्धार आदीनां च जन पद उपवादा व्याख्याताः ॥
Contemptuous expressions such as 'a bad Bráhman' shall also be punished as above. The same rules shall apply to calumnies regarding learning (sruta), the profession of buffoons (vágjívana), artisans, or musicians, and relating to nationalities such as Prájjunaka, Gándhára, etc.
english translation
tena zruta upavAdo vAg jIvanAnAM, kAru kuzIlavAnAM vRtty upavAdaH, prAjjUNaka gAndhAra AdInAM ca jana pada upavAdA vyAkhyAtAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptयः परं "एवं त्वां करिष्यामि" इति करणेन अभिभर्त्सयेद्, अकरणे यस् तस्य करणे दण्डस् ततो अर्ध दण्डं दद्यात् ॥
(Intimidation.) If a person intimidates another by using such expressions as „I shall render thee thus‟, the bravado shall be punished with half as much fine as will be levied on him who actually does so.
english translation
yaH paraM "evaM tvAM kariSyAmi" iti karaNena abhibhartsayed, akaraNe yas tasya karaNe daNDas tato ardha daNDaM dadyAt ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअशक्तः कोपं मदं मोहं वा अपदिशेद् द्वादश पणं दण्डं दद्यात् ॥
If a person, being unable to carry his threat into effect, pleads provocation, intoxication, or loss of sense as his excuse, he shall be fined 12 panas.
english translation
azaktaH kopaM madaM mohaM vA apadized dvAdaza paNaM daNDaM dadyAt ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript1.
दीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
12.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
13.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
19.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:91.4%
कुष्ठ उन्मादयोश् चिकित्सकाः संनिकृष्टा पुमांसश् च प्रमाणं, क्लीब भावे स्त्रियो मूत्र फेनो अप्सु विष्ठा निमज्जनं च ॥
As to the reality of leprosy and lunacy, physicians or neighbours shall be authorities. As to the reality of impotency, women, the scum of urine, or the low specific gravity of faeces in water (the sinking of faeces in water) shall furnish the necessary evidence.
english translation
kuSTha unmAdayoz cikitsakAH saMnikRSTA pumAMsaz ca pramANaM, klIba bhAve striyo mUtra pheno apsu viSThA nimajjanaM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptप्रकृत्य् उपवादे ब्राह्मण क्षत्रिय वैश्य शूद्र अन्त अवसायिनाम् अपरेण पूर्वस्य त्रि पण उत्तरा दण्डाः, पूर्वेण अपरस्य द्वि पण अधराः, कुब्राह्मण आदिभिश् च कुत्सायाम् ॥
(Speaking ill of habits.) If among Bráhmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Súdras, and outcastes (antávasáyins), any one of a lower caste abuses the habits of one of a higher caste, the fines imposed shall increase from 3 panas upwards (commencing from the lowest caste). If any one of a higher caste abuses one of a lower caste, fines imposed shall decrease from 2 panas.
english translation
prakRty upavAde brAhmaNa kSatriya vaizya zUdra anta avasAyinAm apareNa pUrvasya tri paNa uttarA daNDAH, pUrveNa aparasya dvi paNa adharAH, kubrAhmaNa Adibhiz ca kutsAyAm ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतेन श्रुत उपवादो वाग् जीवनानां, कारु कुशीलवानां वृत्त्य् उपवादः, प्राज्जूणक गान्धार आदीनां च जन पद उपवादा व्याख्याताः ॥
Contemptuous expressions such as 'a bad Bráhman' shall also be punished as above. The same rules shall apply to calumnies regarding learning (sruta), the profession of buffoons (vágjívana), artisans, or musicians, and relating to nationalities such as Prájjunaka, Gándhára, etc.
english translation
tena zruta upavAdo vAg jIvanAnAM, kAru kuzIlavAnAM vRtty upavAdaH, prAjjUNaka gAndhAra AdInAM ca jana pada upavAdA vyAkhyAtAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptयः परं "एवं त्वां करिष्यामि" इति करणेन अभिभर्त्सयेद्, अकरणे यस् तस्य करणे दण्डस् ततो अर्ध दण्डं दद्यात् ॥
(Intimidation.) If a person intimidates another by using such expressions as „I shall render thee thus‟, the bravado shall be punished with half as much fine as will be levied on him who actually does so.
english translation
yaH paraM "evaM tvAM kariSyAmi" iti karaNena abhibhartsayed, akaraNe yas tasya karaNe daNDas tato ardha daNDaM dadyAt ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअशक्तः कोपं मदं मोहं वा अपदिशेद् द्वादश पणं दण्डं दद्यात् ॥
If a person, being unable to carry his threat into effect, pleads provocation, intoxication, or loss of sense as his excuse, he shall be fined 12 panas.
english translation
azaktaH kopaM madaM mohaM vA apadized dvAdaza paNaM daNDaM dadyAt ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript