Arthashastra
Progress:69.0%
उदर दास वर्जम् आर्य प्राणम् अप्राप्त व्यवहारं शूद्रं विक्रय आधानं नयतः स्व जनस्य द्वादश पणो दण्डः, वैश्यं द्वि गुणः, क्षत्रियं त्रि गुणः, ब्राह्मणं चतुर् गुणः ॥
THE selling or mortgaging by kinsmen of the life of a Súdra who is not a born slave, and has not attained majority, but is an Arya in birth shall be punished with a fine of 12 panas; of a Vaisya, 24 panas; of a Kshatriya, 36 panas; and of a Bráhman, 48 panas.
english translation
udara dAsa varjam Arya prANam aprApta vyavahAraM zUdraM vikraya AdhAnaM nayataH sva janasya dvAdaza paNo daNDaH, vaizyaM dvi guNaH, kSatriyaM tri guNaH, brAhmaNaM catur guNaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptपर जनस्य पूर्व मध्यम उत्तम वधा दण्डाः, क्रेतृ श्रोतृऋणां च ॥
If persons other than kinsmen do the same, they shall be liable to the three amercements and capital punishment respectively: purchasers and abettors shall likewise be punished.
english translation
para janasya pUrva madhyama uttama vadhA daNDAH, kretR zrotRRNAM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptम्लेच्छानाम् अदोषः प्रजां विक्रेतुम् आधातुं वा ॥
It is no crime for Mlechchhas to sell or mortgage the life of their own offspring.
english translation
mlecchAnAm adoSaH prajAM vikretum AdhAtuM vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptन त्व् एव आर्यस्य दास भावः ॥
But never shall an Arya be subjected to slavery.
english translation
na tv eva Aryasya dAsa bhAvaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअथवा आर्यम् आधाय कुल बन्धन आर्याणाम् आपदि, निष्क्रयं च अधिगम्य बालं साहाय्य दातारं वा पूर्वं निष्क्रीणीरन् ॥
But if in order to tide over family troubles, to find money for fines or court decrees, or to recover the (confiscated) household implements, the life of an Arya is mortgaged, they (his kinsmen) shall as soon as possible redeem him (from bondage); and more so if he is a youth or an adult capable of giving help.
english translation
athavA Aryam AdhAya kula bandhana AryANAm Apadi, niSkrayaM ca adhigamya bAlaM sAhAyya dAtAraM vA pUrvaM niSkrINIran ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript1.
दीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
12.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
18.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
19.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:69.0%
उदर दास वर्जम् आर्य प्राणम् अप्राप्त व्यवहारं शूद्रं विक्रय आधानं नयतः स्व जनस्य द्वादश पणो दण्डः, वैश्यं द्वि गुणः, क्षत्रियं त्रि गुणः, ब्राह्मणं चतुर् गुणः ॥
THE selling or mortgaging by kinsmen of the life of a Súdra who is not a born slave, and has not attained majority, but is an Arya in birth shall be punished with a fine of 12 panas; of a Vaisya, 24 panas; of a Kshatriya, 36 panas; and of a Bráhman, 48 panas.
english translation
udara dAsa varjam Arya prANam aprApta vyavahAraM zUdraM vikraya AdhAnaM nayataH sva janasya dvAdaza paNo daNDaH, vaizyaM dvi guNaH, kSatriyaM tri guNaH, brAhmaNaM catur guNaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptपर जनस्य पूर्व मध्यम उत्तम वधा दण्डाः, क्रेतृ श्रोतृऋणां च ॥
If persons other than kinsmen do the same, they shall be liable to the three amercements and capital punishment respectively: purchasers and abettors shall likewise be punished.
english translation
para janasya pUrva madhyama uttama vadhA daNDAH, kretR zrotRRNAM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptम्लेच्छानाम् अदोषः प्रजां विक्रेतुम् आधातुं वा ॥
It is no crime for Mlechchhas to sell or mortgage the life of their own offspring.
english translation
mlecchAnAm adoSaH prajAM vikretum AdhAtuM vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptन त्व् एव आर्यस्य दास भावः ॥
But never shall an Arya be subjected to slavery.
english translation
na tv eva Aryasya dAsa bhAvaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअथवा आर्यम् आधाय कुल बन्धन आर्याणाम् आपदि, निष्क्रयं च अधिगम्य बालं साहाय्य दातारं वा पूर्वं निष्क्रीणीरन् ॥
But if in order to tide over family troubles, to find money for fines or court decrees, or to recover the (confiscated) household implements, the life of an Arya is mortgaged, they (his kinsmen) shall as soon as possible redeem him (from bondage); and more so if he is a youth or an adult capable of giving help.
english translation
athavA Aryam AdhAya kula bandhana AryANAm Apadi, niSkrayaM ca adhigamya bAlaM sAhAyya dAtAraM vA pUrvaM niSkrINIran ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript