Surya Siddhanta
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अर्केन्द्वोः क्रान्तिविश्लेषो दिक्साम्ये युतिर् अन्यथा । तज्ज्येन्दुर् अर्काद् यत्रासौ विज्ञेया दक्षिणोत्तरा॥
Of the declinations of the sun and moon, if their direction be the same, take the difference ; in the contrary case, take the sum : the corresponding sine is to be regarded as south or north, according to the direction of the moon from the sun.
english translation
मध्याह्नेन्दुप्रभाकर्णसङ्गुणा यदि सोत्तरा । तदार्कघ्नाक्षजीवायाम् शोध्या योज्या च दक्षिणा॥
Multiply this by the hypothenuse of the moon's mid-dav shadow, and, when it is north, subtract it from the sine of latitude (aksha) multiplied by twelve ; when it is south, add it to the same.
english translation
शेषम् लम्बज्यया भक्तम् लब्धो बाहुः स्वदिङ्मुखः। कोटिः शङ्कुस् तयोर् वर्गयुतेर् मूलम् श्रुतिर् भवेत्॥
The result, divided by the sine of co latitude (lamba), "gives the base (bhuja), in its own direction ; the gnomon is the perpendicular (koti) ; the square root of the sum of their squares is the hypothenuse.
english translation
सूर्योनशीतगोर् लिप्ताः शुक्लम् नवशतोद्धृताः। चन्द्रबिम्बाङ्गुलाभ्यस्तम् हृतम् द्वादशभिः स्फुटम्॥
The difference in longitude of sun and moon, when converted in minutes (kaläs) and divided by 900, gives the part of waxing phase of the moon (çuklängça). This multiplied by the measure of moon’s disc (vimbänguli) in digits (aìgula) and divided by 12, gives us the corrected part of waxing phase of the moon (sphuta çuklängça).
english translation
दत्त्वार्कसम्ज्ञितम् बिन्दुम् ततो बाहुम् स्वदिङ्मुखम् । ततः पश्चान् मुखी कोटिम् कर्णम् कोट्यग्रमध्यगम्॥
Fix a point, calling it the sun : from that lay off the base, in its own proper direction ; then the perpendicular, towards the west ; and also the hypothenuse, passing through the extremity of the perpendicular and the central point.
english translation