Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/vimana-sthana/1/25

तस्य साद्गुण्यमुपदेक्ष्यामः- उष्णमश्नीयात्; उष्णं हि भुज्यमानं स्वदते, भुक्तं चाग्निमौदर्यमुदीरयति, क्षिप्रं जरां गच्छति, वातमनुलोमयति, श्लेष्माणं च परिह्राससयति [१] ; तस्मादुष्णमश्नीयात् (१) स्निग्धमश्नीयात्; स्निग्धं हि भुज्यमानं स्वदते, भुक्तं चानुदीर्णमग्निमुदीरयति [२] , क्षिप्रं जरां गच्छति, वातमनुलोमयति, शरीरमुपचिनोति, दृढीकरोतीन्द्रियाणि, बलाभिवृद्धिमुपजनयति, वर्णप्रसादं चाभिनिर्वर्तयति; तस्मात् स्निग्धमश्नीयात् (२) मात्रावदश्नीयात्; मात्रावद्धि भुक्तं वातपित्तकफानपीडयदायुरेव विवर्धयति केवलं, सुखं गुदमनुपर्येति, न चोष्माणमुपहन्ति, अव्यथं च परिपाकमेति; तस्मान्मात्रावदश्नीयात् (३) जीर्णेऽश्नीयात्; अजीर्णे हि भुञ्जानस्याभ्यवहृतमाहारजातं पूर्वस्याहारस्य रसमपरिणतमुत्तरेणाहाररसेनोपसृजत् सर्वान् दोषान् प्रकोपयत्याशु, जीर्णे तु भुञ्जानस्य स्वस्थानस्थेषु दोषेष्वग्नौ चोदीर्णे जातायां च बुभुक्षायां विवृतेषु च स्रोतसां मुखेषु विशुद्धे चोद्गारे हृदये विशुद्धे वातानुलोम्ये विसृष्टेषु च वातमूत्रपुरीषवेगेष्वभ्यवहृतमाहारजातं सर्वशरीरधातूनप्रदूषयदायुरेवाभिवर्धयति केवलं; तस्माज्जीर्णेऽश्नीयात् (४) वीर्याविरुद्धमश्नीयात्; अविरुद्धवीर्यमश्नन् हि विरुद्धवीर्याहारजैर्विकारैर्नोपसृज्यते; तस्माद्वीर्याविरुद्धमश्नीयात् (५) इष्टे देशे इष्टसर्वोपकरणं चाश्नीयात्; इष्टे हि देशे भुञ्जानो नानिष्टदेशजैर्मनोविघातकरैर्भावैर्मनोविघातं प्राप्नोति, तथैवेष्टैः सर्वोपकरणैः; तस्मादिष्टे देशे तथेष्टसर्वोपकरणं चाश्नीयात् (६) नातिद्रुतमश्नीयात्; अतिद्रुतं हि भुञ्जानस्योत्स्नेहनमवसादनं भोजनस्याप्रतिष्ठानं च, भोज्यदोषसाद्गण्योपलब्धिश्च न नियता; तस्मान्नातिद्रुतमश्नीयात् (७) नातिविलम्बितमश्नीयात्; अतिविलम्बितं हि भुञ्जानो न तृप्तिमधिगच्छति, बहु भुङ्क्ते, शीतीभवत्याहारजातं, विषमं [१] च पच्यते; तस्मान्नातिविलम्बितमश्नीयात् (८) अजल्पन्नहसन् तन्मना भुञ्जीत; जल्पतो हसतोऽन्यमनसो वा भुञ्जानस्य त एव हि दोषा भवन्ति, य एवातिद्रुतमश्नतः; तस्मादजल्पन्नहसंस्तन्मना भुञ्जीत (९) आत्मानमभिसमीक्ष्य भुञ्जीत सम्यक्; इदं ममोपशेते इदं नोपशेत इत्येवं विदितं ह्यस्यात्मन आत्मसात्म्यं भवति; तस्मादात्मानमभिसमीक्ष्य भुञ्जीत सम्यगिति ||२५||

sanskrit

[Eat warm and freshly cooked food] (I will now explain their merits). One should eat warm (freshly cooked food) because it tastes well and the food consumed stimulates the digestive process, gets digested quickly, normalizes functions of vata dosha and reduces kapha dosha (which obstructs digestion process).[25.1] [Eat unctuous food] One should eat unctuous because it tastes well, the food consumed stimulates any dormant digestive process, gets digested quickly, normalizes functions of vata, nourishes body, provides firmness to sense organs, increases strength, and enhances complexion. [25.2] [Eat in proper quantity] One should eat in proper quantity without disturbing vata, pitta and kapha because that only helps promote one’s life-span, easily passes down the bowels, does not disturb the agni (digestive capacity), and gets digested without discomfort. [25.3] [Eat after complete digestion of previous meals] One should eat when the previous meal is digested because if one eats before earlier meal is digested, mixing with undigested food will vitiate all the dosha quickly. On the other hand, when one eats after the previous meal is well digested, the dosha do not get vitiated or unsettled from their natural locations, agni is stimulated, appetite is increased, entrances of the channels get cleared, eructation is pure, heart is normal, there are natural urges to pass bodily wastes and there is no obstruction to their passage, and the eaten food enhances one’s life without afflicting any dhatu. [25.4] [Eat suitable combination of food] One should take food consisting of the items that are non-antagonistic in nature to ensure one is not afflicted with the disorders caused by food that is unsuitable to the individual. [25.5] [Eat at right place and with right accessories] One should eat in a favorable place and with favorable accessories because it is important to feel comfortable and satisfied while eating. [25.6] [Do not eat too fast] One should not eat too quickly to ensure the food does not get into the wrong passage, and that the person is able to ascertain the qualities and taste of the food or even detect any defects in the food. [25.7] [Do not eat too slowly] One should not eat too slow, because by eating too slow one does not get satisfaction, eats much, and the food becomes cold and is digested irregularly. [25.8] [Eat with proper concentration on eating and with normal mental state] One should eat with utmost concentration on the food, while not talking or laughing. By taking food while talking or laughing or with mind elsewhere, he is inflicted with the same defects as by eating too fast. [25.9] [Eat with self-awareness] One should eat with due consideration to self, i.e., knowing one’s own constitution and tastes. He/she should take food that is suitable to him/her.

english translation

tasya sAdguNyamupadekSyAmaH- uSNamaznIyAt; uSNaM hi bhujyamAnaM svadate, bhuktaM cAgnimaudaryamudIrayati, kSipraM jarAM gacchati, vAtamanulomayati, zleSmANaM ca parihrAsasayati [1] ; tasmAduSNamaznIyAt (1) snigdhamaznIyAt; snigdhaM hi bhujyamAnaM svadate, bhuktaM cAnudIrNamagnimudIrayati [2] , kSipraM jarAM gacchati, vAtamanulomayati, zarIramupacinoti, dRDhIkarotIndriyANi, balAbhivRddhimupajanayati, varNaprasAdaM cAbhinirvartayati; tasmAt snigdhamaznIyAt (2) mAtrAvadaznIyAt; mAtrAvaddhi bhuktaM vAtapittakaphAnapIDayadAyureva vivardhayati kevalaM, sukhaM gudamanuparyeti, na coSmANamupahanti, avyathaM ca paripAkameti; tasmAnmAtrAvadaznIyAt (3) jIrNe'znIyAt; ajIrNe hi bhuJjAnasyAbhyavahRtamAhArajAtaM pUrvasyAhArasya rasamapariNatamuttareNAhArarasenopasRjat sarvAn doSAn prakopayatyAzu, jIrNe tu bhuJjAnasya svasthAnastheSu doSeSvagnau codIrNe jAtAyAM ca bubhukSAyAM vivRteSu ca srotasAM mukheSu vizuddhe codgAre hRdaye vizuddhe vAtAnulomye visRSTeSu ca vAtamUtrapurISavegeSvabhyavahRtamAhArajAtaM sarvazarIradhAtUnapradUSayadAyurevAbhivardhayati kevalaM; tasmAjjIrNe'znIyAt (4) vIryAviruddhamaznIyAt; aviruddhavIryamaznan hi viruddhavIryAhArajairvikArairnopasRjyate; tasmAdvIryAviruddhamaznIyAt (5) iSTe deze iSTasarvopakaraNaM cAznIyAt; iSTe hi deze bhuJjAno nAniSTadezajairmanovighAtakarairbhAvairmanovighAtaM prApnoti, tathaiveSTaiH sarvopakaraNaiH; tasmAdiSTe deze tatheSTasarvopakaraNaM cAznIyAt (6) nAtidrutamaznIyAt; atidrutaM hi bhuJjAnasyotsnehanamavasAdanaM bhojanasyApratiSThAnaM ca, bhojyadoSasAdgaNyopalabdhizca na niyatA; tasmAnnAtidrutamaznIyAt (7) nAtivilambitamaznIyAt; ativilambitaM hi bhuJjAno na tRptimadhigacchati, bahu bhuGkte, zItIbhavatyAhArajAtaM, viSamaM [1] ca pacyate; tasmAnnAtivilambitamaznIyAt (8) ajalpannahasan tanmanA bhuJjIta; jalpato hasato'nyamanaso vA bhuJjAnasya ta eva hi doSA bhavanti, ya evAtidrutamaznataH; tasmAdajalpannahasaMstanmanA bhuJjIta (9) AtmAnamabhisamIkSya bhuJjIta samyak; idaM mamopazete idaM nopazeta ityevaM viditaM hyasyAtmana AtmasAtmyaM bhavati; tasmAdAtmAnamabhisamIkSya bhuJjIta samyagiti ||25||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/vimana-sthana/1/25

तस्य साद्गुण्यमुपदेक्ष्यामः- उष्णमश्नीयात्; उष्णं हि भुज्यमानं स्वदते, भुक्तं चाग्निमौदर्यमुदीरयति, क्षिप्रं जरां गच्छति, वातमनुलोमयति, श्लेष्माणं च परिह्राससयति [१] ; तस्मादुष्णमश्नीयात् (१) स्निग्धमश्नीयात्; स्निग्धं हि भुज्यमानं स्वदते, भुक्तं चानुदीर्णमग्निमुदीरयति [२] , क्षिप्रं जरां गच्छति, वातमनुलोमयति, शरीरमुपचिनोति, दृढीकरोतीन्द्रियाणि, बलाभिवृद्धिमुपजनयति, वर्णप्रसादं चाभिनिर्वर्तयति; तस्मात् स्निग्धमश्नीयात् (२) मात्रावदश्नीयात्; मात्रावद्धि भुक्तं वातपित्तकफानपीडयदायुरेव विवर्धयति केवलं, सुखं गुदमनुपर्येति, न चोष्माणमुपहन्ति, अव्यथं च परिपाकमेति; तस्मान्मात्रावदश्नीयात् (३) जीर्णेऽश्नीयात्; अजीर्णे हि भुञ्जानस्याभ्यवहृतमाहारजातं पूर्वस्याहारस्य रसमपरिणतमुत्तरेणाहाररसेनोपसृजत् सर्वान् दोषान् प्रकोपयत्याशु, जीर्णे तु भुञ्जानस्य स्वस्थानस्थेषु दोषेष्वग्नौ चोदीर्णे जातायां च बुभुक्षायां विवृतेषु च स्रोतसां मुखेषु विशुद्धे चोद्गारे हृदये विशुद्धे वातानुलोम्ये विसृष्टेषु च वातमूत्रपुरीषवेगेष्वभ्यवहृतमाहारजातं सर्वशरीरधातूनप्रदूषयदायुरेवाभिवर्धयति केवलं; तस्माज्जीर्णेऽश्नीयात् (४) वीर्याविरुद्धमश्नीयात्; अविरुद्धवीर्यमश्नन् हि विरुद्धवीर्याहारजैर्विकारैर्नोपसृज्यते; तस्माद्वीर्याविरुद्धमश्नीयात् (५) इष्टे देशे इष्टसर्वोपकरणं चाश्नीयात्; इष्टे हि देशे भुञ्जानो नानिष्टदेशजैर्मनोविघातकरैर्भावैर्मनोविघातं प्राप्नोति, तथैवेष्टैः सर्वोपकरणैः; तस्मादिष्टे देशे तथेष्टसर्वोपकरणं चाश्नीयात् (६) नातिद्रुतमश्नीयात्; अतिद्रुतं हि भुञ्जानस्योत्स्नेहनमवसादनं भोजनस्याप्रतिष्ठानं च, भोज्यदोषसाद्गण्योपलब्धिश्च न नियता; तस्मान्नातिद्रुतमश्नीयात् (७) नातिविलम्बितमश्नीयात्; अतिविलम्बितं हि भुञ्जानो न तृप्तिमधिगच्छति, बहु भुङ्क्ते, शीतीभवत्याहारजातं, विषमं [१] च पच्यते; तस्मान्नातिविलम्बितमश्नीयात् (८) अजल्पन्नहसन् तन्मना भुञ्जीत; जल्पतो हसतोऽन्यमनसो वा भुञ्जानस्य त एव हि दोषा भवन्ति, य एवातिद्रुतमश्नतः; तस्मादजल्पन्नहसंस्तन्मना भुञ्जीत (९) आत्मानमभिसमीक्ष्य भुञ्जीत सम्यक्; इदं ममोपशेते इदं नोपशेत इत्येवं विदितं ह्यस्यात्मन आत्मसात्म्यं भवति; तस्मादात्मानमभिसमीक्ष्य भुञ्जीत सम्यगिति ||२५||

sanskrit

[Eat warm and freshly cooked food] (I will now explain their merits). One should eat warm (freshly cooked food) because it tastes well and the food consumed stimulates the digestive process, gets digested quickly, normalizes functions of vata dosha and reduces kapha dosha (which obstructs digestion process).[25.1] [Eat unctuous food] One should eat unctuous because it tastes well, the food consumed stimulates any dormant digestive process, gets digested quickly, normalizes functions of vata, nourishes body, provides firmness to sense organs, increases strength, and enhances complexion. [25.2] [Eat in proper quantity] One should eat in proper quantity without disturbing vata, pitta and kapha because that only helps promote one’s life-span, easily passes down the bowels, does not disturb the agni (digestive capacity), and gets digested without discomfort. [25.3] [Eat after complete digestion of previous meals] One should eat when the previous meal is digested because if one eats before earlier meal is digested, mixing with undigested food will vitiate all the dosha quickly. On the other hand, when one eats after the previous meal is well digested, the dosha do not get vitiated or unsettled from their natural locations, agni is stimulated, appetite is increased, entrances of the channels get cleared, eructation is pure, heart is normal, there are natural urges to pass bodily wastes and there is no obstruction to their passage, and the eaten food enhances one’s life without afflicting any dhatu. [25.4] [Eat suitable combination of food] One should take food consisting of the items that are non-antagonistic in nature to ensure one is not afflicted with the disorders caused by food that is unsuitable to the individual. [25.5] [Eat at right place and with right accessories] One should eat in a favorable place and with favorable accessories because it is important to feel comfortable and satisfied while eating. [25.6] [Do not eat too fast] One should not eat too quickly to ensure the food does not get into the wrong passage, and that the person is able to ascertain the qualities and taste of the food or even detect any defects in the food. [25.7] [Do not eat too slowly] One should not eat too slow, because by eating too slow one does not get satisfaction, eats much, and the food becomes cold and is digested irregularly. [25.8] [Eat with proper concentration on eating and with normal mental state] One should eat with utmost concentration on the food, while not talking or laughing. By taking food while talking or laughing or with mind elsewhere, he is inflicted with the same defects as by eating too fast. [25.9] [Eat with self-awareness] One should eat with due consideration to self, i.e., knowing one’s own constitution and tastes. He/she should take food that is suitable to him/her.

english translation

tasya sAdguNyamupadekSyAmaH- uSNamaznIyAt; uSNaM hi bhujyamAnaM svadate, bhuktaM cAgnimaudaryamudIrayati, kSipraM jarAM gacchati, vAtamanulomayati, zleSmANaM ca parihrAsasayati [1] ; tasmAduSNamaznIyAt (1) snigdhamaznIyAt; snigdhaM hi bhujyamAnaM svadate, bhuktaM cAnudIrNamagnimudIrayati [2] , kSipraM jarAM gacchati, vAtamanulomayati, zarIramupacinoti, dRDhIkarotIndriyANi, balAbhivRddhimupajanayati, varNaprasAdaM cAbhinirvartayati; tasmAt snigdhamaznIyAt (2) mAtrAvadaznIyAt; mAtrAvaddhi bhuktaM vAtapittakaphAnapIDayadAyureva vivardhayati kevalaM, sukhaM gudamanuparyeti, na coSmANamupahanti, avyathaM ca paripAkameti; tasmAnmAtrAvadaznIyAt (3) jIrNe'znIyAt; ajIrNe hi bhuJjAnasyAbhyavahRtamAhArajAtaM pUrvasyAhArasya rasamapariNatamuttareNAhArarasenopasRjat sarvAn doSAn prakopayatyAzu, jIrNe tu bhuJjAnasya svasthAnastheSu doSeSvagnau codIrNe jAtAyAM ca bubhukSAyAM vivRteSu ca srotasAM mukheSu vizuddhe codgAre hRdaye vizuddhe vAtAnulomye visRSTeSu ca vAtamUtrapurISavegeSvabhyavahRtamAhArajAtaM sarvazarIradhAtUnapradUSayadAyurevAbhivardhayati kevalaM; tasmAjjIrNe'znIyAt (4) vIryAviruddhamaznIyAt; aviruddhavIryamaznan hi viruddhavIryAhArajairvikArairnopasRjyate; tasmAdvIryAviruddhamaznIyAt (5) iSTe deze iSTasarvopakaraNaM cAznIyAt; iSTe hi deze bhuJjAno nAniSTadezajairmanovighAtakarairbhAvairmanovighAtaM prApnoti, tathaiveSTaiH sarvopakaraNaiH; tasmAdiSTe deze tatheSTasarvopakaraNaM cAznIyAt (6) nAtidrutamaznIyAt; atidrutaM hi bhuJjAnasyotsnehanamavasAdanaM bhojanasyApratiSThAnaM ca, bhojyadoSasAdgaNyopalabdhizca na niyatA; tasmAnnAtidrutamaznIyAt (7) nAtivilambitamaznIyAt; ativilambitaM hi bhuJjAno na tRptimadhigacchati, bahu bhuGkte, zItIbhavatyAhArajAtaM, viSamaM [1] ca pacyate; tasmAnnAtivilambitamaznIyAt (8) ajalpannahasan tanmanA bhuJjIta; jalpato hasato'nyamanaso vA bhuJjAnasya ta eva hi doSA bhavanti, ya evAtidrutamaznataH; tasmAdajalpannahasaMstanmanA bhuJjIta (9) AtmAnamabhisamIkSya bhuJjIta samyak; idaM mamopazete idaM nopazeta ityevaM viditaM hyasyAtmana AtmasAtmyaM bhavati; tasmAdAtmAnamabhisamIkSya bhuJjIta samyagiti ||25||

hk transliteration