Arthashastra
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क्षत्रियस्य अध्ययनं यजनं दानं शस्त्र आजीवो भूत रक्षणं च ॥
That of a Kshatriya is study, performance of sacrifice, giving gifts, military occupation, and protection of life.
english translation
kSatriyasya adhyayanaM yajanaM dAnaM zastra AjIvo bhUta rakSaNaM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptवैश्यस्य अध्ययनं यजनं दानं कृषि पाशुपाल्ये वणिज्या च ॥
That of a Vaisya is study, performance of sacrifice, giving gifts, agriculture, cattle breeding, and trade.
english translation
vaizyasya adhyayanaM yajanaM dAnaM kRSi pAzupAlye vaNijyA ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptशूद्रस्य द्विजाति शुश्रूषा वार्त्ता कारु कुशीलव कर्म च ॥
That of a Sudra is the serving of twice-born (dvijati), agriculture, cattle-breeding, and trade (varta), the profession of artizans and court-bards (karukusilavakarma).
english translation
zUdrasya dvijAti zuzrUSA vArttA kAru kuzIlava karma ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptगृहस्थस्य स्वधर्म आजीवस् तुल्यैर् असमान ऋषिभिर् वैवाह्यम् ऋतु गामित्वं देव पित्र् अतिथि पूजा भृत्येषु त्यागः शेष भोजनं च ॥
The duty of a householder is earning livelihood by his own profession, marriage among his equals of different ancestral Rishis, intercourse with his wedded wife after her monthly ablution, gifts to gods, ancestors, guests, and servants, and the eating of the remainder.
english translation
gRhasthasya svadharma AjIvas tulyair asamAna RSibhir vaivAhyam Rtu gAmitvaM deva pitr atithi pUjA bhRtyeSu tyAgaH zeSa bhojanaM ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptब्रह्म चारिणः स्वाध्यायो अग्नि कार्य अभिषेकौ भैक्ष व्रतित्वम् आचार्ये प्राण अन्तिकी वृत्तिस् तद् अभावे गुरु पुत्रे स ब्रह्म चारिणि वा ॥
That of a student (Brahmacharin) is learning the Vedas, fire-worship, ablution, living by begging, and devotion to his teacher even at the cost of his own life, or in the absence of his teacher, to the teacher's son, or to an elder classmate.
english translation
brahma cAriNaH svAdhyAyo agni kArya abhiSekau bhaikSa vratitvam AcArye prANa antikI vRttis tad abhAve guru putre sa brahma cAriNi vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript