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Arthashastra

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सर्व देश काल प्रहरणम् उपांशु दण्डश् च इति पत्ति युद्धानि ॥

Striking in all places and at all times, and striking by surprise are varieties of waging war with infantry.

english translation

एतेन विधिना व्यूहान् ओजान् युग्मांश् च कारयेत् । विभवो यावद् अङ्गानां चतुर्णां सदृशो भवेत् ॥

In this way, he should make odd or even arrays, keeping the strength of the four constituents of the army equal.

english translation

द्वे शते धनुषां गत्वा राजा तिष्ठेत् प्रतिग्रहे । भिन्न संघातनं तस्मान् न युध्येत अप्रतिग्रहः॥

Having gone to a distance of 200 bows, the king should take his position together with the reserve of his army; and without a reserve, he should never attempt to fight, for it is by the reserved force that dispersed troops are collected together.

english translation