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एक पद अवरस् त्रि पद परः पर पद अर्थ अनुपरोधेन वर्गः कार्यः ॥
Combination of words (varga) consisting of not more than three words and not less than one word shall be so formed as to harmonise with the meaning of immediately following words.
english translation
लेख परिसंहरण अर्थ इति शब्दो वाचिकम् अस्य इति च ॥
The word, „iti,‟ is used to indicate the completion of a writ; and also to indicate an oral message as in the phrase „váchikamasyeti,‟ an oral message along with this (writ).
english translation
निन्दा प्रशंसा पृच्छा च तथा आख्यानम् अथ अर्थना । प्रत्याख्यानम् उपालम्भः प्रतिषेधो अथ चोदना ॥
Calumniation (nindá), commendation, inquiry, narration request, refusal, censure, prohibition, command,
english translation
सान्त्वम् अभ्युपपत्तिश् च भर्त्सन अनुनयौ तथा । एतेष्व् अर्थाः प्रवर्तन्ते त्रयोदशसु लेखजाः ॥
conciliation, promise of help, threat, and persuasion are the thirteen purposes for which writs are issued.
english translation
तत्र अभिजन शरीर कर्मणां दोष वचनं निन्दा ॥
Calumniation (nindá) consists in speaking ill of one's family, body and acts.
english translation