Arthashastra

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यत्र आत्मनः सैन्य व्यायामानां भूमिः, अभूमिः परस्य, स उत्तमो देशः, विपरीतो अधमः, साधारणो मध्यमः ॥

That part of the country, in which his army finds a convenient place for its manœuvre and which proves unfavourable to his enemy, is the best; that part of the country which is of the reverse nature, is the worst; and that which partakes of both the characteristics, is a country of middling quality.

english translation

yatra AtmanaH sainya vyAyAmAnAM bhUmiH, abhUmiH parasya, sa uttamo dezaH, viparIto adhamaH, sAdhAraNo madhyamaH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

कालः शीत उष्ण वर्ष आत्मा ॥

Time consists of cold, hot, and rainy periods.

english translation

kAlaH zIta uSNa varSa AtmA ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

तस्य रात्रिर् अहः पक्षो मास ऋतुर् अयनं संवत्सरो युगम् इति विशेषाः ॥

The divisions of time are: the night, the day, the fortnight, the month, the season, solstices, the year, and the Yuga (cycle of five years).

english translation

tasya rAtrir ahaH pakSo mAsa Rtur ayanaM saMvatsaro yugam iti vizeSAH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

तेषु यथा स्व बल वृद्धि करं कर्म प्रयुञ्जीत ॥

In these divisions of time he should undertake such works as are conducive to the growth of his power and prosperity.

english translation

teSu yathA sva bala vRddhi karaM karma prayuJjIta ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

यत्र आत्मनः सैन्य व्यायामानाम् ऋतुः अनृतुः परस्य, स उत्तमः कालः, विपरीतो अधमः, साधारणो मध्यमः ॥

That time which is congenial for the manœuvre of his Army, but which is of the reverse nature for his enemy is the best; that which is of the reverse nature is the worst; and that which possesses both the characteristics is of middling quality.

english translation

yatra AtmanaH sainya vyAyAmAnAm RtuH anRtuH parasya, sa uttamaH kAlaH, viparIto adhamaH, sAdhAraNo madhyamaH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript