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Manusmriti

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सीमाविवादधर्मश्च पारुष्ये दण्डवाचिके । स्तेयं च साहसं चैव स्त्रीसङ्ग्रहणमेव च ॥ ६ ॥

(10) Disputes regarding boundaries, (11) assault and (12) defamation, (13) theft, (14) robbery and violence, (15) adultery,

english translation

स्त्रीपुन्धर्मो विभागश्च द्यूतमाह्वय एव च । पदान्यष्टादशैतानि व्यवहारस्थिताविह ॥ ७ ॥

(16) Duties of man and wife, (17) partition (of inheritance), (18) gambling and betting; these are in this world the eighteen topics which give rise to lawsuits.

english translation

एषु स्थानेषु भूयिष्ठं विवादं चरतां नृणाम् । धर्मं शाश्वतमाश्रित्य कुर्यात् कार्यविनिर्णयम् ॥ ८ ॥

Depending on the eternal law, let him decide the suits of men who mostly contend on the titles just mentioned.

english translation

यदा स्वयं न कुर्यात् तु नृपतिः कार्यदर्शनम् । तदा नियुञ्ज्याद् विद्वांसं ब्राह्मणं कार्यदर्शने ॥ ९ ॥

But if the king does not personally investigate the suits, then let him appoint a learned Brahmana to try them.

english translation

सोऽस्य कार्याणि सम्पश्येत् सभ्यैरेव त्रिभिर्वृतः । सभामेव प्रविश्याग्र्यामासीनः स्थित एव वा ॥ १० ॥

That (man) shall enter that most excellent court, accompanied by three assessors, and fully consider (all) causes (brought) before the (king), either sitting down or standing.

english translation